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Humane treatment of an animal includes providing it with adequate shelter, food, water, and exercise, as well as any necessary veterinary care. To ensure proper animal health, it is recommended that owners have their pets examined by a veterinarian at least once a year. A number of state and local laws prohibit animal cruelty, a crime punishable as a felony or misdemeanor. In general, "cruelty" includes every act, omission, or neglect whereby unnecessary or unjustifiable physical pain or suffering is caused or permitted (Penal Code Section 599b).
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